Tbh I posted the exact same thing a while back and nobody replied. I'm glad you're actually getting responses.
I honestly have no idea how to make friends irl. I'm very, very socially anxious and there are many normal situations that feel super awkward to me, like making small talk. I literally have to have a conversation with someone or I feel like an idiot. If I can really have some time to talk to someone, I don't have an issue approaching them.
First thing you could do, if you're with someone for a while and want to get to know them, you can ask them something like what they think of school, and if they are planning on going to college, what they want to major in. You can ask them what types of places they like to go, what restaurants they like, if they like to play video games, what their idea of a fun time is, etc.
I'm sorry I can't help you with getting to know a random person in school. Unless you sit close to them in a class; that would be much easier for me.
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No, you can find them on a thread and see what they like to talk about, and if you can get into it, start talking with them about it. That's how I've made a lot of friends on here.
I think threads like The Miscellaneous really help, because you can talk about anything there and nobody will judge you.